Anne Morgan in her card uniform. ca. 1917.  ©  rmn-grand palais (chÀteau de blérancourt)/rené-gabriel ojéda.

Anne Morgan in her card uniform. ca. 1917.
© rmn-grand palais (chÀteau de blérancourt)/rené-gabriel ojéda.

Story of Anne Morgan, Founder of The Franco-American Museum of the Château de Blérancourt

Anne Morgan, daughter of American banker J.P. Morgan, was a multifaceted leader of her time. She advocated for women in the American workplace to better their circumstances and positions. During WWI she dedicated her time and resources to providing humanitarian relief during and after WWI in France and again after WWII. Her legacy embodies a Franco-American friendship that is continuously honored by present members of The American Friends of Blérancourt (AFB).

Anne Morgan: Photography, Philanthropy & Advocacy, book by Alan Govenar and Mary Niles Maack depicts critical moments that propelled Anne Morgan’s story. The book comprises of three parts: a biographical essay, co-authored by Govenar and Maack about Anne Morgan and her humanitarian work; an essay by Govenar on Morgan and her groundbreaking photography documentation; and a collection of photos of Morgan and her war relief efforts in France.

Alan Governar, founding director of Documentary Arts, has worked for more than thirty years as a writer, photographer, and filmmaker to present new perspectives on historical issues and diverse cultures. Governar received a doctorate from the University of Texas at Dallas, and had authored twenty-seven books. His work in biography has been far-reaching and has included books, radio, and films for broadcast and educational distribution.

Mary Niles is Professor Emerita in the UCLA department of Information Studies where she teaches a graduate course on historical methodology and biographical research. For over four decades Maack has lectured and pursued research in history, comparative librarianship and gender studies (with an emphasis on biography).

The following timeline of events can be found in detail in Anne Morgan: Photography, Philanthropy & Advocacy.

 

1903

Anne Morgan’s active participation in fundraising and advocacy can be traced as early as to 1903, when she became a founding member and treasurer of the Colony Club, the first private social club for women in New York. To commemorate the significance of this moment, the club was also been chosen as the place to host the American Friends of Blérancourt’s 2018 and 2019 fall galas to celebrate its Anne Morgan Women of Courage Award and Château de Blérancourt Award.


1914

1914 marks a year of change and challenge worldwide. Hearing the words “war is declared, war is declared” as they were shouted through the streets of Savoie, France, where Anne Morgan resided that summer, Morgan was faced with the reality of war and sought to actively participate in providing humanitarian aid.


1916

By 1916, Anne Morgan was an active participant in many organizations that helped with the war efforts. While she served as the treasurer and board member of the the Civilian Division of the American Fund for the French Wounded, Morgan was also a member of the America Ice Flotilla Committee, which raised $70,000 in 1916 for equipping ambulances on the Western Front and $100,000 in 1917 for automobiles and ice-making machines for field hospitals.


1917

On May 18, 1917, with like-minded and activist Anne Murray Dike, Anne Morgan sailed for Bordeaux with eight women volunteers who made up the Civilian Section of the American Fund for French Wounded.

By July 1917, Morgan and the volunteers were dispatched to Blérancourt in the Aisne, where they settled amongst the ruins of the town and organized a community center to serve twenty-five villages in the region.

devastation at chavigny, 1919. © RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / rené-gabriel ojéda.

devastation at chavigny, 1919.
© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / rené-gabriel ojéda.


1917

After Blerancourt was liberated in 1917, the region was left with massive devastation. Morgan stepped in by rallying an additional three hundred fifty plus American women volunteers to work in coordination with the French government and the American Red Cross with building wooden barracks, reseeding 4,000 acres of land, restoring forty-seven houses, providing stoves for the residents and training local residents the trades.


1918

comité americain pour les régions dévastées de france, lithograph by george cap, 1917. © library of congress

comité americain pour les régions dévastées de france, lithograph by george cap, 1917.
© library of congress

On March 23, 1918, as the war progressed, Anne Morgan and Anne Murray Dike soon recognized that there should be direct focus on the civilian population and founded the American Committee for Devasted France, also known as the American Committee or by its French acronym CARD (Comite Americain pour les Regions Devastees).


1918

card photography by harry b. lachman, august 29, 1919.  © documentary art.

card photography by harry b. lachman, august 29, 1919.
© documentary art.

Although Anne Morgan avoided her pictures shown in the press, she understood the power of photography. Photography became an essential tool in conveying to her American parts the humanitarian need with helping the French villages that were devastated after the war.

Between 1918 and 1922, she commissioned artists such as Harry B. Lachman, to present the urgent need to provide aid to the French civilians following the war. Through thousands of photographs and films, Lachman documented the relief efforts of Morgan and the CARD volunteers, which became essential media that propelled her fundraising campaigns America. Today, The American Friends of Blérancourt’s traveling exhibition American Women Rebuilding France 1917-1924 continues to honor these images by showcasing them.


1919

In 1919, after years of revisiting France regularly, Anne Morgan bought the remains of the chateau at Blérancourt and set a home in one of the pavilions, which is now known as the Anne Morgan Pavilion.


1920

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / gérard blot.

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / gérard blot.

By 1920, several community based programs were well developed in Blérancourt, France (Aisne, Picardy). Though CARD and American volunteers lead the programs, members of the local french community were trained to run the programs independently. Some of the few programs included: hiring professionally trained nurses, who paid visits to communities to treat malnourished children; reopening of the Goutte de lait in Soisson, a philanthropic institution that distributed pasteurized milk for infants; promoting physical education for children; and establishing free public libraries with open access to shelves and comfortable reading rooms for young readers.

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / rené-gabriel ojéda.

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de blérancourt) / rené-gabriel ojéda.

The American women volunteers in Aisne came from both middle-class and wealthy families, who dedicated unpaid services to rebuild Aisne, but private funding was still required to provide for the equipment, supplies and specialists to help the community. Hence, over 373 fundraising chapters of CARD committees were founded in the United States to help with the task of raising $5 million for France.


1922

While Anne Morgan was deeply devoted to the humanitarian aid to France during the early 1920s, she never lost sight of the ongoing work to improve the lives of self-supporting women in New York. On April 24, 1922, Morgan took part in an important meeting that formed the American Woman’s Association, Inc. (AWA), which goal would be to “uphold American ideals and the fundamental principles of American democracy…to stand for the highest type of American womanhood...to promote mutual improvement and social purposes of members.” The New York Times reported it as the “first act of non-political and non-sectarian organization to put up a big clubhouse for women.”


1924

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de Blérancourt) / Harry Bréjat.

© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de Blérancourt) / Harry Bréjat.

Beginning in 1924, Anne Morgan and Anne Murray Dike transformed the other pavilion at Blérancourt into a museum dedicated to French-American history, and founded Les Amis Français de Blerancourt, a group to help develop the museum expansion, renovation and its collections.


1928

Though Anne Morgan was eventually elected president of AWA, her focus remained on doing humanitarian work so she eventually stepped down from her post in March 12, 1928.


1930

Officially in 1930, like what she did for the humanitarian services and communities that she rebuilt in Picardy, Anne Morgan gave the chateau and the museum to the town in Blérancourt. It later became part of the Reunion des musees nationaux and became a French national museum and now known as the Franco-American Museum, Château de Blérancourt.


1938

© RMN-GP/ Musée franco-américain du château de Blérancourt. © RMN-Grand Palais (Château de Blérancourt) / Harry Bréjat.

© RMN-GP/ Musée franco-américain du château de Blérancourt.
© RMN-Grand Palais (Château de Blérancourt) / Harry Bréjat.

By 1938, a south wing was reconstructed in the museum in order to have more space for exhibitions relating to World War I volunteers.


1985

Under the suggestion of Pierre Rosenberg, the Chief Curator of Paintings at the Louvre Museum at the time, to raise funds for the expansion, the gardens and the new educational programs and technology of the Franco-American Museum, Château de Blérancourt, didi d’Anglejan and Eugénie Anglès founded The American Friends of Blérancourt (AFB) to work and motivate membership in the U.S.A. to expand and make known a unique museum that celebrates three centuries of French-American friendship.


2007

A second round of major renovation and expansion project at the Museum was initiated

© Ateliers Yves Lion.

© Ateliers Yves Lion.


2010-2017

The American Friends of Blérancourt (AFB) fundraised over $2 million to support the second renovation project while presenting the American Women Rebuilding France 1917-1924 traveling exhibition as a way of sharing the historic photographs that were commissioned by Anne Morgan and has so far circulated dozens of museums, galleries and cultural centers in U.S. cities.


2017

The Franco-American Museum at Blérancourt reopened on June 24, 2017 and housed new galleries and a new entrance hall and user-friendly education programs.


2018-present

AFB embraced new era with the Anne Morgan Women of Courage Award and the Blérancourt Fellowship as new ways of supporting the Museum and the legacy of Anne Morgan.